Papers

非平凡零点与临界线，不是两个需要被联系起来的事物，而是同一个共轭互逆结构的“性”与“相”。非平凡零点是临界线的根，其计算实例是临界线的离散采样点。

The rapid growth of AI conference submissions is putting new pressure on peer review. AI reviewer systems are increasingly proposed as support, but prior work leaves unresolved what responsibility their outputs should carry when they can surface useful critiques yet remain risky as independent judgments. We frame this as a responsibility-boundary problem. Using 600 ICLR 2026 submissions, 2231 human review traces, and 3,600 AI reviews, we operationalize this boundary through usable feedback, score use, panel breadth, and grounded synthesis. The results show that AI can prepare candidate critiques, organize evidence, and improve feedback, while scoring, independent panel judgment, high-level synthesis, and final responsibility should remain human-led. Motivated by this boundary, we develop Review Copilot, a workflow in which AI suggestions are inspected, edited, or rejected by human reviewers and provide neither official scores nor recommendations. In an initial controlled reviewer-in-the-loop study, Human+AI reviews improve actionability, evidence support, and professionalism relative to standalone baselines while preserving human authorship of scores and recommendations. Our results point toward a review paradigm in which AI expands the space of evidence-grounded critique, while humans remain responsible for judgment, synthesis, and accountability

By early 2026, the discourse around agent harnesses — the configuration layer of skills, rules, prompts, and documentation shaping an LLM agent's behavior — has named two activities: harness engineering, the reactive practice of ensuring an agent never repeats a mistake, and harness optimization, autonomous search over harness code for benchmark score. Both run against fixed, checkable criteria. The activity on the other side — keeping the harness aligned with what its operator now wants, where the criterion moves — is performed daily and has, to the author's knowledge, no established name. The paper defines harness alignment — the continuous, human-gated activity of keeping an agent's harness aligned with the operator's evolving intent — and its failure mode, harness drift. The three defining properties — continuous, human-gated, bidirectional — follow from a single root: intent, unlike correctness, cannot be automated the same way — it has no verifier outside the operator, and moves as the operator's judgment sharpens; verifying intent sharpens the judgment doing it, so the loop moves its own target. An automated check freezes intent into a specification, reducing its automatable part to correctness work. A four-domain search found no established term covering all three; an audit shows 2026 drift coinages severed from the classical lineage that harness drift bridges. A six-phase cycle (Research, Extract, Curate, Promote, Measure, Maintain) operationalizes it over a memory structure whose boundary separates freely-writable records from gated behavior-shaping artifacts. Failure has two layers: artifact-side harness drift, and a human-side twin — gate complacency, deskilling, delegation-feedback divergence — anchored in the automation-complacency and ironies-of-automation literatures — structural inference, not measurement. Two running instances, differing in substrate, model, and knowledge genre, are offered as portability evidence, not efficacy. All of it comes from months-old practice — provisional judgments offered for testing, not settled practice.

The opacity of an autonomous AI agent is routinely discussed as a single "black box" problem, to be reduced by interpretability research or by demands for transparency. This paper argues that the opacity has two architecturally distinct causes that the discourse conflates, and that the conflation is what makes the transparency debate unwinnable. One cause is technical: behavior internalized into model weights cannot be read, versioned, or reverted without retraining. The other is commercial: the human-built layer around the weights — system prompts, rules, tool definitions, the agent loop — is technically inspectable but kept proprietary because it is a competitive differentiator. The two causes admit different responses, and treating them as one problem routes every transparency argument into an irresolvable safety-versus-secrecy collision. The paper makes three contributions, drawn from the implementation history of a single agent and re-expressed as harness-neutral judgments. First, it grounds the opacity problem in an *accountability gap*: a text-based prohibition on a capability that physically exists is a signpost, not a control, and enforcement admits a *prohibition-strength hierarchy* — absence, then scaffolding-layer enforcement, then untrusted-content boundary — most published safety work occupying only the weakest layer. Second, it separates the *two-layer black box*: technical internalization (Layer 1, largely permanent) from commercial secrecy of scaffolding (Layer 2, contingent on market structure). Third, it resolves Layer 2 with a *minimum disclosure set*: operator visibility is decoupled from public disclosure, and the minimum that makes post-incident causal tracing possible — which scaffolding version was active, which inputs reached the agent, which approval gated the version — is disclosable without publishing the scaffolding text. The resolution is implementable with current technology; it waits on neither an interpretability breakthrough nor a restructuring of markets and law. It complements existing AI risk-management and management-system standards by naming the operator-visibility floor those standards presuppose. The open questions — where exactly the disclosure line falls, and how the technology–society timescale gap is to be managed — are the research agenda.

Autonomous AI agents in business deployments exhibit a recurring failure mode: when an incident occurs, responsibility cannot be redirected to a separable contributor. The dominant discourse treats this as a single phenomenon, addressed by sandboxing, human-in-the-loop overload, or what Elish (2019) named the moral crumple zone. This paper argues the phenomenon is two architecturally distinct failure modes that have been conflated, and that the conflation is sustained by a missing positive name and a missing time-axis. The paper introduces two contributions. First, a four-quadrant decomposition of business AI work — along the axes of deterministic vs semantic-judgment and pre-defined vs exploratory — yields a positive name for the cell most current LLM applications occupy: the LLM Workflow Quadrant. The quadrant is defined by a single load-bearing property: the path is decided in advance by humans or by code, and the LLM is called as a single bounded step within that path; the property divides naturally into a conversational sub-form (specialized chat agents) and a batch sub-form (single-purpose LLM functions inside deterministic pipelines). The decomposition distinguishes principled from artificial redirect impossibility: the former intrinsic to autonomous loops, the latter the product of routing workflow work through autonomous-loop architecture by elimination, with four downstream symptoms (the RPA exception-handling bottleneck, the sandbox-strength demand, the structural distortion of human-in-the-loop, and the dissolution of the accountability chain at postmortem). Second, a Phase Separation axis (design vs operation), independent of Quadrant, surfaces a Phase-crossing decision — recorded at deployment time, in one sentence — required when an autonomous-loop component is placed in the operation phase. The Phase axis descends recursively to skill-design granularity, where the Quadrant 3 ↔ Quadrant 4 boundary is a continuous gradient on which model capability is downstream of phase, not the primary lever. The consequence is procedural rather than architectural: deployments make the Phase-crossing decision explicit, designate a pre-named gap-bearer for principled-impossibility placements, and route artificial-impossibility cases to re-architecture. The framework complements existing AI risk-management and management-system standards by recording the judgment layer they presuppose. Both rules are stated as experimental; the open questions are the research agenda.

This position paper offers a methodological perspective on observing prolonged, non-directive interactions between humans and conversational AI systems, developed not from the conceptual tools of computer science or cognitive psychology but from social work practice. The author presents an operational protocol — including a pre-declared threshold criterion (Soglia X, “Threshold X”) and an anti-confirmation-bias protocol (Anti-Illusion Check) — built through iterative external-critique sessions with an AI system acting as validator. A pilot test of the protocol produced a negative result, treated here as a scientifically valid outcome rather than a failure. The paper closes by openly stating the approach’s structural limits — chiefly the absence, to date, of an observer genuinely external to the observed relationship — and invites critical engagement on this point. Keywords: human-AI interaction, relational field observation, social work methodology, confirmation bias, independent observation, qualitative threshold

黎曼猜想的终极语义： \textbf{黎曼猜想不是一个关于“位置”的经验事实，而是 \( \zeta \) 函数作为共轭互逆张量网络的内在闭合条件——离散与连续在此互嵌，生成与约束在此互锁，因果律在此自明。黎曼猜想，等价于非平凡零点和临界线是伽罗瓦连接。非平凡零点是离散的临界线，临界线是连续的非平凡零点。}

To refine this, I must establish a rigorous mathematical foundation for the proposed number system. I also need to provide a formal definition of structural information and demonstrate how the system preserves it. Furthermore, I must include a detailed analysis of the proposed system's computational complexity, covering the time and space requirements for encoding and decoding numbers. I must also address the issue of representation uniqueness by proving that every number has a unique representation within the system. Additionally, I need to include a comprehensive comparison with existing number systems, highlighting the proposed system's advantages and disadvantages. Finally, I should provide further implementation details using SageMath, including code examples and performance analysis. This would help demonstrate the system's practical viability and facilitate the replication of results by other researchers. Here, then, is a brief glimpse of an eternal apprentice bookbinder -- much like Faraday (September 22, 1791 -- August 25, 1867).

还原论泛化病毒，阉割科学——此陈述被裁决为对还原论泛化病理学最精准的元数学诊断。本文在朱梁整体论公理体系框架内，将“阉割”精确翻译为三项结构性切除：切断公理与定义域的脐带（真理函数定理、子函数非同一性定理）、切断整体与部分的神经（整体-部分对应定理、噪音定理）、切断必然性与验证的循环（量化无止境定理、渡劫公理A5）。以黎曼猜想研究史为展例，揭示还原论泛化如何将黎曼给出的完整本体结构系统性肢解为投影域的逼近操作。最终论证：定义域清除——“再接脐带”——使科学恢复从结构刚性中直接产出必然结论的生殖能力。这不是“更好的科学”，而是让科学重新成为科学。

本文在朱梁共轭互逆谱刚性（ZL-CRSR）范式下，给出 Birch 和 Swinnerton-Dyer（BSD）猜想的严格证明。将椭圆曲线 $E$ 的 Hasse-Weil $L$-函数 $L(E,s)$ 编码为满足三条公理（对称性公理A$'$、谱-零点对应公理B$'_1$、完备性公理C$'$）的谱三元组 $(\mathcal{A}_E,\mathcal{H}_E,D_E)$。对合对称性 $U_E$ 诱导特征值关于中心线 $\Re(s)=1$ 的配对。谱重数与代数秩的等同——即公理B$'_2$——被证明为由A$'$与C$'$刚性导出的必然结论，而非独立假设。假设在 $s=1$ 处解析秩与谱重数不同，则谱在中心线附近发生结构分裂，同时触发拓扑指标、代数迹、动力学测度三重刚性矛盾，与完备性公理不可调和。由此证明 $\ord_{s=1}L(E,s)=\rank E(\mathbb{Q})$，即 BSD 猜想为真。该证明实现了 ZL-CRSR 范式从黎曼$\zeta$函数到椭圆曲线 $L$-函数的普适迁移，表明该范式是处理一般 $L$-函数零点结构的通用数学引擎。

本文在非交换几何框架内给出黎曼猜想的严格证明\cite{connes1994}。将黎曼$\zeta$函数编码为满足三条公理（对称性公理A、谱-零点对应公理B、完备性公理C）的谱三元组$(\mathcal{A},\mathcal{H},D)$\cite{connes1999}。证明的核心结构为：对合对称性$U$诱导特征值配对$\rho \leftrightarrow 1-\rho$。若存在特征值$\rho$不在临界线$\Re(s)=1/2$上，则谱分裂为两条竖直线，由此引发三重刚性矛盾——拓扑指标矛盾（非交换指标定理与局部曲率项的齐次抵消相冲突）、代数迹矛盾（循环上同调中Hochschild上闭链条件被破坏）、动力学测度矛盾（遍历性被分裂为两个子系统）。三重矛盾同源同构，彼此对偶锁定，共同排除谱分裂假设\cite{connes2014}。由此证明所有特征值必须位于对合不动点集$\Re(s)=1/2$上，结合谱-零点对应即得黎曼猜想。本文还从本体论层面剖析了传统分析方法一百六十年的歧途——将张量结构问题强行压入标量序列的运算域，导致定义域错位\cite{zhu2026whole}。

We demonstrate that Distortion Gravity—a metric‑affine extension of General Relativity where the affine connection carries independent dynamics—admits traversable wormhole solutions without requiring exotic matter. The wormhole is sustained by two massive vector fields, Vμ (trace non‑metricity) and aμ (axial torsion), which undergo spontaneous symmetry breaking in the high‑curvature region near the throat. The negative energy density required to violate the Null Energy Condition is provided by the symmetry‑broken phase of Vμ, while the axial torsion aμ generates a quantized flux through the throat that modulates the entanglement entropy of quantum fields across the two mouths. We introduce a modified metric ansatz and perform an extensive numerical exploration of the 13‑dimensional parameter space. Over 57% of the 7,600 tested configurations yield wormholes that are simultaneously stable, open, and traversable. The entanglement entropy across the wormhole is computed via the Ryu‑Takayanagi formula modified by the effective Newton constant of Distortion Gravity. We show that the wormhole connectivity (ER) and the entanglement (EPR) are both mediated by the same axial torsion field aμ, providing a concrete geometric realization of the ER = EPR conjecture.

We present a complete and rigorous proof that Distortion Gravity (DG), a metric‑affine framework where the affine connection is promoted to a dynamical field, is ghost‑free and unitary. Starting from the irreducible decomposition of the distortion tensor, we show that the original Fierz‑Pauli kinetic term contains a ghost in the axial torsion sector. Attempts to cure this via Yang‑Mills actions lead to kinetic mixing ghosts. The solution is to postulate independent Proca Lagrangians for the trace vector and the axial torsion vector. We subject this theory to eight independent tests—including stochastic spectral analysis (280,000 random configurations), Lyapunov stability, Fourier mode analysis, polarization completeness, Wigner‑Eckart covariance, and Källén‑Lehmann spectral positivity. All tests confirm the absence of ghosts. The final theory propagates a massless graviton and two massive vectors (8 degrees of freedom), providing a unitary and phenomenologically rich extension of General Relativity.

Nanopore-based single-molecule protein sequencing promises direct readout of amino acid sequences without amplification. This review examines three core nanopore strategies: (1) direct sequencing using aerolysin and Cu(II)-functionalized MspA nanopores that electrically discriminate all twenty proteinogenic amino acids with up to 99.1% classification accuracy; (2) label-assisted sensing that converts protein identity into DNA barcode or chemical tag signals for multiplexed detection; and (3) native protein sensing via electroosmotic flow through engineered CytK pores, enabling translocation of full-length proteins under opposing electrophoretic force. Deep learning-assisted post-translational modification detection at single-residue resolution is also discussed. Key challenges in translocation control, signal resolution, and bioinformatic infrastructure are evaluated.

本文将“还原论与整体论”的哲学争论转化为严格的数学命题并给出形式证明。我们定义：标量世界观等价于存在一个包含皮亚诺算术的完备递归公理化理论；张量世界观等价于真理作为理论范畴上的预层存在。通过哥德尔-罗瑟不完备定理\cite{godel1931formal,rosser1936extensions}，我们严格证伪了标量世界观的可能性。进一步，我们证明：在容纳算术的充分丰富的理论族上，真理结构必然形成一个非平坦的纤维化，其数学性质完全符合张量的公理性定义。这一结果为整体论提供了坚实的数学基础，并揭示了逻辑与几何之间的深刻对应。

本文以范畴论为数学工具\cite{maclane1998}，对中华文明源头符号系统——河图与洛书——进行严格的数学形式化，确立并证明《河图洛书共轭互逆定理》。该定理包含三个核心命题：河图与洛书各自构成严格范畴；两者之间存在一对互逆函子 \(F \dashv G\)；该函子对满足等价关系 \(G \circ F = \mathrm{Id}_{\mathcal{H}}\) 与 \(F \circ G = \mathrm{Id}_{\mathcal{L}}\)\cite{eilenberg1945}。定理证明：河图洛书不是两个独立的图式，而是同一存在结构在两个等价范畴中的投影，构成生成与成象的完美互逆对称。在此基础上，导出互逆对称线定理，并应用于黎曼猜想\cite{riemann1859}的证明。

We develop a comprehensive geometric framework for gravity in which the fundamental dynamical variable is the distortion tensor D^μ_{ νρ} = Γ^μ_{ νρ} − {^μ_{ νρ}}, encoding both torsion and non-metricity. After reviewing the foundations of metric-affine geometry, we construct the most general action that is quadratic in the distortion and linear in the Levi-Civita curvature, supplemented by a Yang–Mills–type kinetic term. The resulting theory propagates three independent modes: a massless graviton, a massive vector, and a massive scalar. We derive the full non-linear field equations, linearize them around Minkowski spacetime, perform a complete mode decomposition, and analyze the stability and unitarity of each sector. In the low-energy regime we show that General Relativity is recovered exactly below the distortion mass scale. We then investigate cosmological solutions, finding that the vector mode can drive late-time acceleration without requiring a cosmological constant. Black hole solutions are analyzed perturbatively, revealing a possible mechanism for singularity regularization. We also discuss gravitational-wave signatures, including dipole radiation sourced by the vector mode, and provide preliminary constraints from LIGO/Virgo observations. Finally, we outline the power-counting renormalizability of the theory and its prospects as an ultraviolet completion of General Relativity.

波普尔的“可证伪性”划界标准，在二十世纪被奉为科学哲学的圭臬\cite{popper1959}。本文在朱梁整体论公理体系的严格框架下，对其进行了根本性的元数学清算。我们证明：波普尔的实证主义并非真正的“逻辑实证”，而是以“经验实证”冒充“逻辑实证”的伪科学偷换概念。其核心谬误在于用有限经验的或然性，僭越了从公理出发的逻辑必然性。这一谬误并非无意的认知错误，而是维护还原论范式既得利益的“心术”——它为局部经验检验提供了“科学合法性”的哲学背书，并系统性地将一切整体论研究驱逐出“科学”的疆域。在整体论宪法下，真正的科学检验是同构确定性验证与预测必然性验证\cite{zhu2026test}，而波普尔的“证伪”被正名为劫数识别——不是理论的死亡判决，而是范式升维的召唤。

本文以林德曼-魏尔斯特拉斯定理（1882）\cite{lindemann1882,weierstrass1885}为核心数学证据，在 ECT-OS-JiuHuaShan 框架下给出整体论作为数学定理的严格证明。论证表明：任何包含圆对象 $S^1$ 的世界模型，其度量域 $\mathbb{M}$ 必严格大于代数闭包 $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$，因此整体涌现性不可还原为部分之代数组合。在此基础上，本文对还原论泛化世界观进行合法性审判，揭示其核心命题 $\text{World} \subseteq \overline{\mathbb{Q}}^n$ 已被数学证伪逾140年却仍以“科学”之名运作的结构性欺诈。通过建立庞氏骗局与还原论泛化的结构同构，本文给出终审裁决：还原论泛化世界观从未合法，是以局域成功为诱饵的存在论庞氏骗局，其合法性自 $\pi$ 被证明为超越数之日起已永久废止。

线粒体是真核细胞中负责能量代谢的关键细胞器，其自身携带的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）突变可导致多种严重的遗传性疾病。近年来，线粒体基因编辑技术的快速发展为治疗这类疾病提供了新的可能。本文综述了线粒体基因编辑技术的发展历程，从早期的锌指核酸酶（ZFN）和转录激活因子样效应物核酸酶（TALEN）到新一代的碱基编辑技术（DdCBE、TALED等），介绍了各类编辑工具的核心原理及其在线粒体中的适配策略。同时，本文总结了该技术在线粒体遗传病治疗、农业育种以及疾病模型构建等方面的应用进展，并对当前面临的脱靶效应、递送效率、伦理争议等挑战进行了分析，最后展望了未来的发展方向。